Phytoconstituents and Their Role as Anti-diabetic Agents

Abstract

The universal surge in the ubiquity of diabetes mellitus (DM) calls for attention. One of the abound conditions giving rise to copious diabetic complications is hyperglycemia. Complications of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, improper wound healing, heart failure, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Treating these complications is the plight of the attending clinician. Alongside allopathic medicines, various natural products are efficient in treating DM and related pathologist. Here, we discuss the beneficial role of different phytochemicals in treating the hyperglycemic conditions in DM. Several medicinal plants contain micronutrients, amino acids and proteins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and coumarins. We discuss the effectiveness of these phytoconstituents, emphasizing the secondary metabolites which mimic the insulin mechanism and spotlight their significance as the upcoming and promising anti-diabetic agents.